What does Luke 21:17 mean?

Explanation

Luke 21:17 reads, "And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake." This verse is part of a passage where Jesus is speaking to His disciples about the end times and the persecution they will face.

The "name's sake" refers to the name of Jesus Himself, indicating that the hatred will be directed at the disciples not because of their own actions or identities, but because of their association with and allegiance to Jesus.

It suggests a literal understanding that following Jesus and living out Christian principles could lead to social ostracism, opposition, or even active persecution.

On a deeper level, this verse illustrates the contrast between the values of the world and the values of Christ's teachings, which can be at odds with one another.

Historical Context

The Gospel of Luke is believed to have been written around AD 70-90, a time when Christians faced persecution from both Jewish and Roman authorities.

For the early Christian community, following Jesus and proclaiming Him as Lord was a countercultural and often dangerous proposition.

The early disciples were indeed hated and persecuted for their faith, with many facing martyrdom.

This historical context gives weight to Jesus' prophecy and establishes the credibility of his predictions.

Theological Insights

From a theological standpoint, this verse underpins the expectation of suffering as part of the Christian journey. Different theological views might interpret this verse as:

• A literal prediction of impending persecution.
• Symbolic of the spiritual battles all Christians will face over time.
• A reminder of the cost of discipleship and the paradox of the Christian life, where suffering is seen as redemptive or a way to share in Christ's suffering.

Practical Applications

The teachings of this verse can be applied in various ways, such as:

• Preparing oneself for opposition and rejection when living out Christian beliefs.
• Encouraging believers to stand firm in their faith despite societal pressures.
• Promoting solidarity within the Christian community as a support network during times of persecution.

Cross-References

• Matthew 5:11: "Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake."
• John 15:18: "If the world hate you, ye know that it hated me before it hated you."
• 2 Timothy 3:12: "Yea, and all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution."

Language Study

The key word in this verse is "hated" (Greek: μισεῖσθε, miseisthe), which implies an ongoing state of being despised or regarded with hostility.

The phrase "for my name's sake" (Greek: ἕνεκεν τοῦ ὀνόματός μου, heneken tou onomatos mou) reflects an association with Jesus' name, identity, and the values He represents.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In other ancient myths, loyalty to a deity or cause often results in trials or even persecution by those who oppose it.

For instance, in some Greek myths, adherents to certain gods would face challenges from devotees of rival deities.

Comparing this to other religious interpretations, in some strands of Judaism and Islam, there is an expectation of being tested or opposed for one's faith, which could conceptually parallel the Christian understanding of persecution for one’s beliefs.

Scientific Perspectives

From a scientific perspective, the verse can be seen addressing the psychological aspect of in-group/out-group dynamics.

Social identity theory explains that individuals may face discrimination and hostility when their group's values clash with those of the surrounding dominant culture, which resonates with the experience predicted in this verse.

Commentaries

Various biblical scholars and theologians interpret Luke 21:17 through different lenses:

• Some view it as an accurate foretelling of the trials early Christians faced, affirming the authenticity and prophetic nature of Jesus' words.
• Others approach it as a timeless principle, recognizing that at all times in history, Christians may be marginalized for their faith.
• A number of commentators point out the reassurance implied in this verse: although there will be hatred, this is a mark of following Christ and ought not to dismay the faithful.