What does Luke 17:9 mean?

Explanation

Luke 17:9 speaks to a cultural understanding of the master-servant relationship within the context of first-century Judea.

The verse addresses the expectations of a servant's duty and the corresponding gratitude, or lack thereof, from the master. Jesus uses this verse as part of a parable to illustrate a point to His disciples about the nature of obedience and humility in service to God.

The verse essentially asks if a master would thank the servant for doing what was expected of him.

The implied answer, based on the rhetorical question "I trow not" (which means "I think not" or "certainly not"), is that the master would not thank the servant, as the servant has only done what was his obligation.

This reflects a deeper meaning that in our relationship with God, doing what is commanded is expected and should not be done for gratitude or earthly rewards, but out of duty and reverence for God.

Historical Context

The Gospel according to Luke was written in an era where Roman and Jewish norms influenced the daily life of people in Judea and the surrounding region.

In this patriarchal society, masters had servants who were expected to fulfill their duties without the anticipation of thanks or acknowledgment, as their work was obligatory.

Servants were considered property, and their work was what they owed their masters.

This historical context shapes the understanding of the relationship between God and His followers as described by Jesus in the verse, where followers are servants who must fulfill their duties without expecting praise.

Theological Insights

Theologically, this verse has been interpreted to mean that believers should obey God's commandments with humility and without expectation of reward, because obedience is a basic duty of a Christian's faith.

From a Christological perspective, it is a reminder of Jesus' call to servanthood and that true service does not seek personal gain.

Different theological viewpoints may diverge in their emphasis on God's grace versus human works.

Protestant theology, particularly in the Calvinist tradition, might stress that human works do not merit God's grace or salvation.

On the other hand, Catholic theology might use this verse to emphasize the importance of good works in the life of believers as part of their faith expression, even though these works are not what justify or earn salvation but are rather a response to God's love.

Practical Applications

This verse can serve as a reminder for individuals to perform their responsibilities, whether secular or spiritual, without the expectation of praise or reward.

It encourages humility and a service-oriented mindset, suggesting that one should help others and fulfill one's duties out of a sense of moral obligation and commitment, rather than for recognition.

Cross-References

• "So likewise ye, when ye shall have done all those things which are commanded you, say, We are unprofitable servants: we have done that which was our duty to do." Luke 17:10
• "Servants, obey in all things your masters according to the flesh; not with eyeservice, as menpleasers; but in singleness of heart, fearing God:" Colossians 3:22

Language Study

Key words in the original Greek text of this verse include:

• "Doth he thank" (Greek: χάριν ἔχει, charin echei) which can mean "does he feel gratitude" or "does he give thanks."
• "Servant" (Greek: δοῦλον, doulos) which means "slave" or "bondservant," emphasizing the obligatory nature of the servant's work.
• "Commanded" (Greek: διατάσσω, diatasso) which means "to order" or "to arrange," signifying the authority of the one giving the command.

Understanding these terms helps to underscore the expected and obligatory nature of the servant’s actions, with no suggestion that thanks would be owed for carrying them out.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In many ancient cultures, including Roman, Greek, and Jewish societies, servants and slaves were expected to fulfill their duties without commendation, as their labor was not seen as extraordinary but rather a fulfillment of their role.

In this context, Jesus is illustrating a similar expectation within the spiritual realm for His followers.

Comparing to other religious traditions, such as Islam or Hinduism, both also have strong notions about the duty or service to God (or gods) and the community.

In Islam, the concept of 'ibadah refers to servitude and worship as an integral part of a Muslim's duty to Allah, while in Hinduism, certain scriptures promote selfless action as a path to spiritual growth and enlightenment.

Scientific Perspectives

The scientific community typically does not address theological verses directly.

However, psychological studies on motivation and reward could provide insight into human behaviors that align with the teachings of this verse.

Research on altruism shows that people who perform acts of service without expecting rewards might experience greater satisfaction and a sense of well-being.

Commentaries

Commentaries from Bible scholars provide various perspectives on Luke 17:9.

Some might focus on the literal interpretation of master-servant relationships in the ancient world, while others take a more allegorical approach.

Many agree that Jesus is teaching about the nature of discipleship, humility, and the expectation of obedience to God without seeking personal reward.

Commentaries will often also connect this verse to the larger narrative of Luke's Gospel, which frequently emphasizes serving others, the cost of discipleship, and the deep humility required of Christ's followers.